After the Assyrian Empire rule, Palestine came under Babylonian Empire (626-539 BC). Nebuchadnezzar, the Babylonian king razed Palestine in 586 BC brought most of the Jew as prisoners to Babylon.
A 17th century painting depicting Nebuchadnezzar's (king of Babylon) forces burning the city of Jerusalem in 586 BC. Most of the Jews were enslaved in Babylon.
The First Temple, which was built during Solomon's reign (upper reconstruction) over a period of seven years, was destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon in 586 BC. Above it, Solomon's palace was visible. The Second Temple was erected about seventy years later in accordance with an unpreposessing plan, then rebuilt in the 1st century BC with unusual splendour by Herod (lower reconstruction).
Then 47 years (539 BC) later the Persians conquered Babylon and freed the Jews to return to Jerusalem. This is what the Jews owed to the Persians. Now they are bent to destroy Iran. Ahmad Denijad, a past leader of Iran knew what he was talking about.
Palestine under the orbit of the Persian Empire.